نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم تغذیه، دانشکدة پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار علوم تغذیه، دانشکدة پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: چاقی در کودکان و نوجوانان و بزرگسالان به عنوان یکی از جدی ترین نگرانی های بهداشت عمومی در قرن 21 می باشد. در این میان نوجوانی مرحله ی مهمی از نظر ایجاد رفتارهای تغذیه ای سالم می باشد که معمولا تا پایان عمر حفظ می شود. مطالعه ی حاضر به منظور بررسی ارتباط بین الگوهای غذایی با شاخص توده ی بدنی در دختران نوجوان در شهر ارومیه طراحی شد.
مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه 453 دانش آموز دختر به روش نمونه گیری چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. شاخص های تن سنجی شامل قد، وزن و دور کمر افراد با روش های استاندارد و ابزارهای کالیبره شده، اندازه گیری شد. دریافت غذایی معمول افراد با استفاده از یک FFQ نیمه کمی تعیین شد.
یافته ها: در این مطالعه سه الگوی غذایی غالب در بین دانش آموزان دختر شناسایی شد. الگوی غذایی "سنتی" شامل دریافت بالای میوه، مغزها، خشکبار، کمپوت و مربا، ترشی، چای و قهوه، عسل، سبزیجات و شیرینی و قندها بود. الگوی غذایی"پر پروتئین" شامل دریافت بالای حبوبات، احشا، ماهی، تخم مرغ، گوشت قرمز، لبنیات پرچرب، غلات ساده و سبزیجات بود. الگوی غذایی "غذاهای آماده و تنقلات شور" شامل دریافت بالای نوشابه، فست فود، تنقلات شور، شیرینی، قندها و آب میوه بود. الگوی غذایی پر پروتئین] (سهک دوم در مقایسه با سهک اول: (P=0.016 , 95%CI=(1.1-3), (OR=1.8 و سهک سوم در مقایسه با سهک اول: (P=0.046 ,(95%CI=(1.01-2.7 [(OR=1.6, به طور مستقیم با لاغری ارتباط داشت. این ارتباط معنی دارد در مدل رگرسیون لجستیک چندگانه نیز مشاهده گردید[Tertile 2 vs. Tertile 1 OR=1.66, 85%CI (1.15-2.39), P=0.048].
نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان می دهد الگوی غذایی پر پروتئین با افزایش احتمال لاغری همراه می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Association of Dietary Patterns with Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents Female in Urmia

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haniyeh Ghorbannejad 1
  • Alireza Didarloo 2
  • Farnush Bakhshimoghaddam 1
  • Mohammad Alizadeh 3

1 Student of Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Social determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: Obesity in children and adolescents and adults is one of the most serious public health concerns in the 21st Century. Meanwhile, adolescence is an important stage in creating healthy eating habits, which is usually maintained until the end of life. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns with body mass index in adolescents female in Urmia.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 453 female students were selected by multi-stage sampling. Anthropometric indices including height, weight and waist circumference were measured using standard methods and calibrated instruments. The usual food intake was determined using a semi-quantitative FFQ.
Results: In this study, three major dietary patterns were identified among female students. The "traditional" pattern included fruits, nuts, dried fruits, can and jams, pickles, tea and coffee, honey, vegetables, and sweets. The "high protein" pattern included legumes, organ meats, fish, egg, red meat, high-fat dairy products, cereals, and vegetables. The pattern of "fast foods and salty snacks" included the high-consumption of soft drinks, fast foods, salty snacks, sweets, sugars and juice. High protein dietary pattern [(second tertile compared to first one: (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = (1.1 - 3), P = 0.016) and third tertile compared to the first one: (OR = 1.6, (95% CI = 1.01- 2.7, P = 0.046)] were directly related to underweight. This significant association was maintained in the multiple logistic regression model (Tertile 2 vs. tertile 1: OR = 1.66, 85% CI (1.15-2.39), P = 0.048).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that a high protein diet was associated with an increased risk of underweight.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • body mass index
  • dietary patterns
  • Obesity
  • adolescents
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