نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران
2 دانشجو کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان
3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه ای، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: تاسیسات تقلیل فشار گازدرون شهری با افزایش مصرف گاز و کشش بار بیش از ظرفیت یکی از منابع آلودگی صدا محسوب می‌گردند هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی و ارائه طرح کنترل مواجهه با صدا شغلی ایستگاه‌های تقلیل فشار گاز شهری بوده است.
روش کار: ارزیابی محیطی صدا به همراه تجزیه فرکانسی آن بر اساس استاندارد(2009)9612 ISO صورت گرفت. پس ازتعیین محدوده تراز فشار صوت منبع اصلى صدا شناسایى گردید. همچنین به منظور تعیین مواجهه فردی در طول یک شیفت کاری دزیمتری انجام شد. در مرحله بعد تحلیل آکوستیکی بنا بر مبنای ویژگی های جذب صوتی صورت گرفت. نصب مواد جاذب صوت پیشنهاد و میزان تأثیر مداخلات برآورد گردید.
یافته‌ها: در ایستگاهای تقلیل فشار گاز میانگین تراز کلی فشار صوت در محدودهdB(A) 68/64-95/30 تعیین شد. حداقل و حداکثر سطح جذب مؤثر صوتی سطوح داخلی به ترتیب برابر با 27/64 -3/61 سابین مترمربع برآورد گردید. میانگین دز دریافتی کارگران مورد نظر نیز 121% بوده است. با نصب جاذب در سقف و سطوح دیوارها، سطح جذب مؤثر صوتی سطوح با بیشترین مقدار برابر با210/35 سابین متر مربع و کمترین مقدار آن 40/35 سابین متر مربع برآورد گردید که با این طرح کنترل، تراز فشار صوت در داخل بنا بین 11/64 -8/69 دسی‌بل کاهش خواهد یافت.
نتیجه گیری: عامل اصلی ایجاد صدا در ایستگاه تقلیل فشار گاز شهری عبور و اغتشاش جریان گاز از تاسیسات واحد مکانیکال و سطوح انعکاسی بناهای ساختمانی محدود کننده تاسیسات بود. راهکار کنترلی شامل استفاده از جاذبهای صدا در دیوار و سقف تعیین گردید تا تراز فشار صوت به حدود مواجهه شغلی کاهش یابد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment occupational noise and control plan presentation in Town Board Stations
نویسندگان [English]
- Rostam Golmohammadi 1
- nastaran khaefi 2
- mohsen aliabadi 3
1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2 MSc Student, Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Health Sciences Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3 department of Occupational Health, School of Public HealthHamadan University of Medical ScienceHamadanIran
چکیده [English]
Background and objective:Town Board Stations (TBS) installations with increment in gas consumption and overloading are one of the sources of noise pollution. The present study was aimed to assess and provide an occupational noise exposure control plan in TBS.
Methods:Area noise measurement and frequency analysis was performed according to ISO 9612(2009). After the determination of the range of sound pressure level, predominant source of noise was identified .
In addition, dosimetry was conducted to determine the personal exposure during a work shift. In the next step,acoustical analysis of TBS of the sample,construction was conducted based on acoustical absorbance properties. Installation of absorbent materials was recommended and the efficiency of the interventions was assessed.
Results:sound pressure level was in the range of 68.64 to 95.30 dB(A) in TBS. The minimum and maximum effective sound absorption of internal surfaces were 3.61 and 27.64 Sabine m2,respectively.
The average noise exposure dose for maintenance workers was 121%.After installation of absorbent materials on ceiling and walls, the effective sound absorption of the surfaces was improved to a maximum of 210.35 Sabine m2 and a minimum of 40.35 Sabine m2. The noise reduction prediction for these control plan will be 8.69 -11.6 dB(A).
Conclusions:The main reason of noise in the TBS was the passage and turbulence of gas flow in the mechanical unit, and reflective surfaces in constructions enclosing the installations. The control strategy, including the use of absorbent materials on ceiling and walls, was determined to reduce the sound pressure level to occupational exposure limit.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- noise control management
- acoustical analysis
- noise exposure
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