نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، عضو هیات علمی بخش جراحی و رادیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته دکترای عمومی دامپزشکی

3 دانشجوی دکترای عمومی دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: کتامین یک ماده بی‌هوش‌ کننده انفکاکی بوده که به دلیل مزیت‌های خود یعنی خواص بی‌هوشی با کمترین تاثیر روی دستگاه تنفسی و قلبی-عروقی به فراوانی در پزشکی و دامپزشکی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. اما در سال‌های اخیر به جهت سوء استفاده از آن، به عنوان یک داروی مشکل‌ساز مطرح شده و استفاده آن در بسیاری از نقاط جهان افزایش‌ یافته است و طبق گزارش جهانی دفتر مواد مخدر و جرم سازمان ملل، استفاده از این دارو در سراسر شرق آسیا، استرالیا، شمال امریکا و اروپا رو به گسترش است و در بخش‌هایی از جنوب شرق آسیا استفاده از کتامین به دلیل عدم وجود محدودیت‌های بین‌المللی در مواد مخدر و در دسترس بودن آن، به طرز چشم‌گیری افزایش‌ یافته است. تحقیقات اخیر نشان داده سوء استفاده از کتامین و مصرف طولانی مدت آن باعث بروز تغییر در حالات رفتاری شده، همچنین باعث عوارض فیزیکی متعددی مانند آسیب‌ در دستگاه‌ ادراری، بافت عصبی و نارسایی‌های کبدی در بین مصرف‌کنندگان می‌گردد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه مروری با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی کتامین، بی‌هوشی و سوء استفاده نگارش شده است. مقالات مربوط به سال‌های 1978 تا 2016 انتخاب شدند.
نتایج: در این پژوهش ابتدا داروی کتامین معرفی و سپس موارد استفاده و سوء استفاده، آسیب‌های ناشی از مصرف خودسرانه و قوانین مربوط به تجویز آن در برخی کشورها بحث و در نهایت روش‌های شناسایی و اندازه‌گیری آن بیان شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ketamine; Use, Abuse: Damages caused by its arbitrary use; A review article

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moosa Javdani 1
  • Rasoul Rahimi 2
  • Abolfazl Barzegar Bafrouei 3

1 Associate Professor, DVM, DVSc in Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran

2 DVM Graduated in Veterinary Medicine

3 Veterinary Faculty- Shahrekord University

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background: Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that because of its minimal effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine. But in recent years, it was recognized as a problematic drug of abuse and became increasing popular in many parts of the world. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report, use of ketamine in East Asia, Australia, North America and Europe was increasing, also in parts of South East Asia because of less International Drug Control and availability of ketamine use of its dramatically increased. Recent studies showed that abuse and long-term use of ketamine cause changes in mood, and physical condition such as damage in the urinary tract, nervous tissue and liver failure among consumers.
Materials and Methods: The review article is written by the keywords “ketamine, anesthesia, abuse”. articles that published in 1978- 2016 were selected.
Results: In this study, ketamine introduced initially; then use, abuse, damage caused by arbitrary use and legality of ketamine in some countries discussed and finally methods for the determination of ketamine were mentioned.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ketamine
  • anesthesia
  • abuse
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