نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پسادکتری، گروه روا‌ن‌شناسی، دانشکدة روا‌ن‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکدة روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکدة روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی و مشاوره، دانشکدة روا‌ن‌شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
زمینه و هدف: مقیاس هشیاری درون‌بدنی ابزاری برای سنجش هشیاری از حس‌های جاری درون بدن است. هدف از مطالعة حاضر سازگارکردن مقیاس اصلی و بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی آن در دانشجویان ایرانی بود.
مواد و روش­ها: این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی-کاربردی و مقطعی بود. جمعیت آماری این تحقیق را دانشجویان شاغل به تحصیل در دانشگاه‌های تهران و کاشان در نیمسال نخست 94-1393 تشکیل دادند که در نهایت 425 دانشجو (3/44 درصد مرد و 7/55 درصد زن) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس وارد تحقیق شدند. روایی ابزار با روش تحلیل عوامل اکتشافی، روایی همگرا و واگرا (با استفاده از همبستگی پیرسون) بررسی شد. برای ارزیابی پایایی این مقیاس از آلفای کرونباخ، برای بررسی روابط بین زیرمقیاس‌ها از آزمون همبستگی و برای انجام تحلیل‌های آماری از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخة 16 و سطح معناداری 5 درصد استفاده شد.
یافته­ها: میانگین سنی نمونه 98/2±08/21 بود. تحلیل عوامل اکتشافی، هشت عامل اصلی (متوجه‌بودن، منحرف‌نشدن توجه، نگران‌نشدن، توجه سالم به بدن، حفظ توجه به بدن، هشیاری هیجانی، خودنظم‌بخشی، گوش‌دادن به بدن و اعتماد) با ارزش ویژة بالاتر از 1 با توضیح 94/59 درصد واریانس را نشان داد. الگوی کلی عوامل با عوامل معرفی‌شده در نسخة اصلی مطابقت داشت و خرده‌مقیاس‌ها از همسانی درونی کافی برخوردار بود (آلفای کرونباخ 53/0 تا 83/0). بیشترین میزان روایی همگرا مربوط به همبستگی زیرمقیاس خودنظم‌بخشی MAIA و عاطفة مثبت (32/ 0r=) و بیشترین میزان روایی واگرا مربوط به همبستگی زیرمقیاس نگران‌نشدن و ترس از آسیب (41/ 0-r=) بود.
نتیجه­گیری: ابزار هشیاری درون بدنی به‌طور کلی از ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مناسبی برای استفاده در جامعة ایرانی برخوردار است.
واژگان کلیدی: مقیاس چندبعدی هشیاری درون‌بدنی، هشیاری بدنی، هشیاری عمقی.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Validity and reliability of multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness (MAIA) in Iranian students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Abbasi 1
  • Nima Ghorbani 2
  • Javad Hatami 3
  • Masoud Gholamali Lavasani 4

1 PhD. Candidate in Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: MAIA is designed to assess the awareness of bodily sensations without the interference of cognitive factors. The aim of current study was to adapt the original scale and to investigate its preliminary psychometric properties in Iranian students.
Materials and Methods: The type of current research was descriptive-applied and cross-sectional study. Examining the aim of study, a sample of 425 students from Tehran and Kashan Universities (44.3% male) completed a battery of questionnaires in first semester of 2014-2015. The construct, convergent and divergent validity (using Pearson correlation) and reliability (internal consistency using Chronbach Alpha) of MAIA were assessed and correlation test was applied for examining inter-item relations. The analyses were done using SPSS, sixteenth version (P<0.05).
Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed an eight-factor structure (Noticing, Not distracting, Not worrying, Healthy attention to body, Maintaining attention to body, Emotional awareness, Self-regulation, Listening to body and trusting it) with Eigen value higher than which accounted for 60% of total variance. The general pattern of factors was comparable to the original scale. Furthermore, the internal consistency of MAIA subscales was acceptable (Chronbach alpha 0.53 to 0.83). The highest level of convergent validity was seen between self-regulation and convergent measure of positive affect (r=0.32) and the highest level of divergent validity was observed between not-worrying and the divergent measure of fear of injury (r=0.41).
Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the validity and reliability of MAIA in Iranian population.
Keywords: assessment, interoceptive awareness, mind-body, somatic awareness.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • assessment
  • interoceptive awareness
  • mind-body
  • somatic awareness
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