نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

چکیده

محدودیت رشد داخل رحمی (IUGR) یکی از علل مهم و خاموش بیماری ها و مرگ و میر در جمعیت جنینی و نوزادان است، که در آن نوزادان پتانسیل رشدشان کمتر از حالت طبیعی می باشد. اصطلاح IUGR و کوچک برای سن حاملگی (SGA) اغلب بجای یکدیگر استفاده می شوند، گرچه تفاوت های ظریف بین این دو وجود دارد. IUGR/SGA در نتیجه اتیولوژی های مختلف شامل عوامل مادری، جفت و جنین بوجود می آید که اخیرا فاکتورهای ژنتیکی هم به آن اضافه شده است. IUGR ممکن است بر اثر عوامل عفونی، کروموزومی یا ناهنجاری های ژنتیکی و ناهنجاری های مادرزادی و یا سیگار کشیدن مادر ایجاد شود، اما در اکثر موارد علت ثانویه، نارسایی جفت است. IUGR اغلب موجب بروز عوارضی در سه ماهه سوم بارداری می شود که با نشانه های پره‌اکلامپسی همراه است. پاتوفیزیولوژی IUGR که با نارسایی جفت همراه است به طور کامل شناسایی نشده است. اما این آسیب معمولا بدلیل ناموفق بودن حمله تروفوبلاست ایجاد می شود که موجب جریان خون متناوب در فضای Intervillous (بین پرزها) می شود که این نیز به نوبه خود موجب استرس اکسیداتیو موضعی می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of environmental and genetic factors affecting intrauterine growth restriction in the human population

نویسندگان [English]

  • sara rafiee
  • dor mohammad kordi tamandani

چکیده [English]

IUGR is a major causes and silent illness and death in the embryonic and infants population, which in it infants growth potential is less than natural state. IUGR phrase and small for gestation age often used interchangeably; Although there is small difference between these two. IUGR/SGA as a result different etiology including maternal factors, placenta and fetus arise. That recently genetic factors added to it. IUGR may be caused by maternal smoking, infections agents and chromosomal or genetic abnormalities, maternal abnormalities, but in most cases secondary cause is placenta insufficiency. IUGR often causes complications in the third trimester of pregnancy which is associated with symptoms of preeclampsia. the Pathophysiology of IUGR is associated with placenta insufficiency it remains unclear, but the damage is usually caused due to failure of trophoblast invasion which causes intermittent blood flow the space between the intervillous that this also in turn causes local oxidative stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • IUGR
  • SGA
  • FGR
  • Preeclampsia
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